Kazan: Astro-nomical.
Leaven: You figure it out! You haven't done anything! All you do is freak out, you murderer.
Quentin: Why don't you tell us what your purpose is, Worth?
Worth: Often wondered that myself. I'm just a guy, I work in an office building doing office building stuff. I wasn't exactly bursting with joie de vivre before I got here, life just sucks in general.
Holloway: Oh I can't stand that attitude.
Leaven: 'Cos he's right.
Worth: I'm the poison. I designed the outer shell.
Worth: Hey! Listen to what I'm saying. We haven't been moving in circles, the rooms have.
Rennes: No more talking. No more guessing. Don't even think about nothing that's not right in front of you. That's the real challenge. You've gotta save yourselves from yourselves.
Worth: This is an accident, a forgotten, perpetual public works project. You think anybody wants to ask questions? All they want is a clear conscience and a fat paycheck.
Quentin: Who do you think the establishment is? It's just guys like me. Their desks are bigger, but their jobs aren't. They don't conspire, they buy boats.
Quentin: I'm not dying in a fucking rat maze.
Answer: It's established that sound travels throughout the structure reasonably well. Also, they didn't travel relatively far, even with the rooms shifting.
Actually, considering the distance that they travelled and the injuries he sustained, Quentin would have had extreme difficulty catching up. It looks like the 3 travelled upwards at least 12 cubes, meaning Quentin would have had to climb up each one with the chance that any of the rooms could be trapped fast enough to catch up to them with enough strength left over to kill Leaven.
Adrenaline is an extremely driving force, so I'd still consider it entirely possible it happened that way.